Screening for Depressive Symptoms

Author:

Stahl Dorit1,Sum Chee Fang1,Lum Shin Si2,Liow Pei Hsiang1,Chan Yiong Huak3,Verma Swapna2,Chua Hong Choon2,Chong Siow Ann2

Affiliation:

1. Diabetes Centre, Alexandra Hospital, Singapore

2. Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore

3. Biostatistics Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore

Abstract

OBJECTIVE—We determined the reliability and validity of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) against the DSM-IV–based diagnostic inventory, Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN), in a multiethnic sample of adult subjects with diabetes attending a diabetes center in Singapore. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 522 subjects (74.7% Chinese, 11.1% Malay, and 14.2% Indian) completed culturally adapted versions of the CES-D; 291 subjects were administered the SCAN inventory. RESULTS—The CES-D (cutoff score 16) showed high negative predictive values of more than 90% in all three ethnic groups. The prevalence of depressive symptoms (CES-D) and depression (SCAN) was significantly different between the Chinese and Indian subjects (CES-D 27.4 vs. 43.2%, P = 0.006); (SCAN 15.0 vs. 31.1%, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS—The CES-D proved to be a reliable instrument for identifying patients with depressive symptoms in the multiethnic setting of this study.

Publisher

American Diabetes Association

Subject

Advanced and Specialized Nursing,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

Reference10 articles.

1. Anderson RJ, Freedland KE, Clouse RE, Lustman PJ: The prevalence of comorbid depression in adults with diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetes Care 24:1069–1078, 2001

2. De Groot M, Pinkerman B, Wagner J, Hockman E: Depression treatment and satisfaction in a multicultural sample of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 29:549–553, 2006

3. Zhang J, Norvilitis J M: Measuring Chinese psychological well-being with Western developed instruments. J Pers Assess 79:492–511, 2002

4. Singapore Ministry of Health: NHS [article online], 2004. Available from http://www.moh.gov.sg/mohcorp/publicationsreports.aspx?id=2984. Accessed 18 April 2008

5. Chua HC, Lim L, Ng TP, Lee T, Mahendran R, Fones C, Kua EH: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Singapore adults. Ann Acad Med Singapore 33(Suppl. 5):1047/MPC, 2004

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