Non-Modifiable Factors Associated with Medication-Adherence among Stroke Survivors in Lagos State, Nigeria

Abstract

Stroke is the world's second most common cause of mortality and the third most common cause of morbidity and disability. Recurrent strokes make up a significant number of stroke admissions to the emergency room. This condition is largely preventable by identifying and addressing the risk factors involved. Hence, this study examined the non-modifiable risk factors associated with medication adherence among stroke survivors in Lagos state, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted using a multistage sampling technique, including 386 stroke survivors from 10 stroke rehabilitation facilities in Lagos state. A validated structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Binary logistic regression at a significance level of 5%. The participants' mean age was 52.42 ± 12.143. Results showed that participants aged 51-60years were more likely to adhere to their medication than other age groups. The result also showed no association existed between the age of stroke survivors and medication adherence (OR = 1.119, CI = 0.941-1.332, p = 0.549), ethnicity and medication adherence (OR = 1.176, CI 0.89-1.55, p = 0.211), and the gender (OR = 1.147, CI = 0.748-1.761, p = 0.665). However, there is a significant association between number of stroke and medication adherence (OR = 0.699, CI = 0.499-0.980, p = 0.038). This study's findings highlight important gaps in the factors that influence and are associated with medication adherence. Therefore, other non-modifiable factors asides from the ones assessed in this study should be researched.