Forest Ownership Distinctiveness across the Globe: A Review

Abstract

Forest ownership is a significant issue affecting multiple stakeholders such as private landowners, indigenous communities, government agencies, and the general public. This study examines the FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA, 2020) and related literature to synthesise current knowledge on global forest ownership. It aims to explore various aspects of forest ownership, including legal frameworks, societal impacts, and environmental consequences. The review emphasises the importance of comprehending forest ownership to enhance effective forest management and conservation endeavours. The study finds that forest ownership is highly varied, differing significantly within and between countries. Public ownership is the most common form of forest ownership worldwide, while private ownership is more prevalent in Europe and the United States. On the other hand, regions like Africa and other developing areas have a higher number of publicly owned forests. The study also identifies critical influencers of forest ownership, encompassing cultural, social, economic, and political factors. Overall, the study stresses the necessity for extensive research into forest ownership especially in developing countries like Nigeria, and its implications for promoting sustainable forest management.