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2. (2) Hyde, T. H., Yaghi, A., Becker, A. A. and Earl, P. G., Comparison of Toroidal Pipes and 90° Pipe Bends during Steady State Creep Analysis, Proceedings of the Fifth International Colloquium on Ageing of Materials and Methods for the Assessment of Lifetimes of Engineering Plant, edited by Penny, R. K., (1999), pp. 305-317, EMAS Ltd., West Midlands.
3. Creep strain, elliptical release and additional stress of the elbows in main steam piping
4. (4) Kraus, H., Creep Analysis, (1980), John Wiley, New York.
5. (5) Hayhurst, D. R., The Role of Creep Damage in Structural Mechanics, in Engineering Approach to High Temperature, edited by Wilshire, B. and Owen, D. R., (1983), Pineridge Press, Swansea.