The Role of Synthetic Biology in Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Reduction: Prospects and Challenges

Author:

DeLisi Charles1,Patrinos Aristides2,MacCracken Michael3,Drell Dan4,Annas George5,Arkin Adam6,Church George7,Cook-Deegan Robert8,Jacoby Henry9,Lidstrom Mary10,Melillo Jerry11,Milo Ron12,Paustian Keith13,Reilly John14,Roberts Richard J.15,Segrè Daniel16,Solomon Susan17,Woolf Dominic18,Wullschleger Stan D.19,Yang Xiaohan20

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Engineering and Program in Bioinformatics, College of Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215, USA

2. The NOVIM Group, Kohn Hall, UC Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA

3. Climate Institute, Washington, DC, USA

4. Department of Energy, Washington, DC, USA

5. Center for Health Law, Ethics & Human Rights at the Boston University School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Boston University, USA

6. Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley CA, USA

7. Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge MA, USA

8. School for the Future of Innovation in Society, Arizona State University, Barrett & O’Connor Washington Center, 1800 I Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006, USA

9. Sloan School of Management, MIT, Cambridge MA, USA

10. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, USA

11. The Ecosystems Center of the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, MA, USA

12. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

13. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins CO 80523, USA

14. MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, MIT, Cambridge MA, USA

15. New England Biolabs, Beverly MA, USA

16. Department of Biology and Program in Bioinformatics, Boston University, Boston MA 02215, USA

17. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge MA, USA

18. Soil and Crop Sciences Section, School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca NY, USA

19. Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge TN, USA

20. Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA

Abstract

The long atmospheric residence time of CO2 creates an urgent need to add atmospheric carbon drawdown to CO2 regulatory strategies. Synthetic and systems biology (SSB), which enables manipulation of cellular phenotypes, offers a powerful approach to amplifying and adding new possibilities to current land management practices aimed at reducing atmospheric carbon. The participants (in attendance: Christina Agapakis, George Annas, Adam Arkin, George Church, Robert Cook-Deegan, Charles DeLisi, Dan Drell, Sheldon Glashow, Steve Hamburg, Henry Jacoby, Henry Kelly, Mark Kon, Todd Kuiken, Mary Lidstrom, Mike MacCracken, June Medford, Jerry Melillo, Ron Milo, Pilar Ossorio, Ari Patrinos, Keith Paustian, Kristala Jones Prather, Kent Redford, David Resnik, John Reilly, Richard J. Roberts, Daniel Segre, Susan Solomon, Elizabeth Strychalski, Chris Voigt, Dominic Woolf, Stan Wullschleger, and Xiaohan Yang) identified a range of possibilities by which SSB might help reduce greenhouse gas concentrations and which might also contribute to environmental sustainability and adaptation. These include, among other possibilities, engineering plants to convert CO2 produced by respiration into a stable carbonate, designing plants with an increased root-to-shoot ratio, and creating plants with the ability to self-fertilize. A number of serious ecological and societal challenges must, however, be confronted and resolved before any such application can be fully assessed, realized, and deployed.

Funder

BU College of Engineering

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

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