Affiliation:
1. West China Hospital,
Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
2. The Affiliated Hospital of
Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
3. Zigong First People’s Hospital, Zigong 643000, China.
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type. Over 70% of lung cancer patients require radiotherapy (RT), which operates through direct and indirect mechanisms to treat cancer. However, RT can damage healthy tissues and encounter radiological resistance, making it crucial to enhance its precision to optimize treatment outcomes, minimize side effects, and overcome radioresistance. Integrating nanotechnology into RT presents a promising method to increase its efficacy. This review explores various nano-assisted RT strategies aimed at achieving precision treatment. These include using nanomaterials as radiosensitizers, applying nanotechnology to modify the tumor microenvironment, and employing nano-based radioprotectors and radiation-treated cell products for indirect cancer RT. We also explore recent advancements in nano-assisted RT for NSCLC, such as biomimetic targeting that alters mesenchymal stromal cells, magnetic targeting strategies, and nanosensitization with high-atomic number nanomaterials. Finally, we address the existing challenges and future directions of precision RT using nanotechnology, highlighting its potential clinical applications.
Funder
Zigong Academy of Medical Sciences 2022
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province
Sichuan University Postdoctoral Interdisciplinary Innovation Fund
Post-Doctor Research Project, West China Hospital, Sichuan University
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)