A novel multiproxy approach to detect the impact of charcoal production on the natural environment in NW Poland – project concept and preliminary results

Author:

Ważny Tomasz1ORCID,Szewczyk Krzysztof2ORCID,Łuców Dominika2ORCID,Róg Dominik3,Słowiński Michał2ORCID,Konopski Michał2ORCID,Kruczkowska Bogusława4ORCID,Jonczak Jerzy4,Gmińska-Nowak Barbara1ORCID,Noryśkiewicz Agnieszka Maria5ORCID,Kołaczkowska Ewa2ORCID,Tyszkowski Sebastian2ORCID,Swoboda Paweł6,Chojnacka Aleksandra7ORCID,Brykała Dariusz2ORCID,Kowalska Anna2,Barbarino Vincenzo8,Kardasz Cezary9ORCID,Niedzielski Michał2ORCID,Halaś Agnieszka2ORCID,Kramkowski Mateusz2ORCID,Związek Tomasz2ORCID,Słowińska Sandra2ORCID,Mroczkowska Agnieszka2ORCID,Obremska Milena10ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage Nicolaus Copernicus University

2. Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences

3. Institute of History The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

4. Department of Soil Science Warsaw University of Life Sciences

5. Institute of Archaeology Nicolaus Copernicus University

6. Institute of Polish Language Polish Academy of Sciences

7. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Warsaw University of Life Sciences

8. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment University of Pisa

9. Faculty of History Nicolaus Copernicus University

10. Institute of Geological Sciences Polish Academy of Sciences

Abstract

Agriculture has been the major driver of deforestation in Europe in the last 1000 years. In the past, forests were also exploited for charcoal production; however, the spatial scale/extent of this activity and its impact are unknown. LIDAR data can be used as a noninvasive tool to investigate the small-scale diversity of the land relief, including forested areas. These data can reveal the extent anthropogenic modifications of topography present-day as well as in the past. One of the activities that can be analyzed based on LIDAR data is spatial distribution of charcoal production. A preliminary LIDAR data analysis indicated the intensity of this practice and its potential impact on the natural environment. This prompted us to analyze the environmental impact of charcoal hearths in northern Poland. As it turned out, this topic exceeded the scope of earth sciences and became a transdisciplinary one. In this work, we will use the research methods typical of biogeography, dendroecology, paleoecology, soil science, biology, botany, history, onomastics, as well as art history, in order to thoroughly understand not only the natural consequences but also the social and economic consequences of charcoal production. This paper presents the assumptions of our project, the research methodology, and the preliminary results. We have identified using LIDAR data more than 73 thousand relief forms which can be remnants of charcoal hearths. Our preliminary results confirmed large scale impact of past human activity related to charcoal production and suitability of the methods used for detecting and reconstructing charcoal hearths as well as determining the distribution and magnitude of past forest use for charcoal production in NW Poland.

Publisher

Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Geography, Planning and Development,Urban Studies,Cultural Studies

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