Gradual Soil Water Depletion Results in Reversible Changes of Gene Expression, Protein Profiles, Ecophysiology, and Growth Performance in Populus euphratica, a Poplar Growing in Arid Regions

Author:

Bogeat-Triboulot Marie-Béatrice1,Brosché Mikael1,Renaut Jenny1,Jouve Laurent1,Le Thiec Didier1,Fayyaz Payam1,Vinocur Basia1,Witters Erwin1,Laukens Kris1,Teichmann Thomas1,Altman Arie1,Hausman Jean-François1,Polle Andrea1,Kangasjärvi Jaakko1,Dreyer Erwin1

Affiliation:

1. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Nancy, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1137 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université Henri Poincaré Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 110 Génomique, Ecophysiologie et Ecologie Fonctionnelle, F–54280 Champenoux, France (M.-B.B.-T., D.L.T., E.D.); Plant Biology, Department of Biological and Environme

Abstract

Abstract The responses of Populus euphratica Oliv. plants to soil water deficit were assessed by analyzing gene expression, protein profiles, and several plant performance criteria to understand the acclimation of plants to soil water deficit. Young, vegetatively propagated plants originating from an arid, saline field site were submitted to a gradually increasing water deficit for 4 weeks in a greenhouse and were allowed to recover for 10 d after full reirrigation. Time-dependent changes and intensity of the perturbations induced in shoot and root growth, xylem anatomy, gas exchange, and water status were recorded. The expression profiles of approximately 6,340 genes and of proteins and metabolites (pigments, soluble carbohydrates, and oxidative compounds) were also recorded in mature leaves and in roots (gene expression only) at four stress levels and after recovery. Drought successively induced shoot growth cessation, stomatal closure, moderate increases in oxidative stress-related compounds, loss of CO2 assimilation, and root growth reduction. These effects were almost fully reversible, indicating that acclimation was dominant over injury. The physiological responses were paralleled by fully reversible transcriptional changes, including only 1.5% of the genes on the array. Protein profiles displayed greater changes than transcript levels. Among the identified proteins for which expressed sequence tags were present on the array, no correlation was found between transcript and protein abundance. Acclimation to water deficit involves the regulation of different networks of genes in roots and shoots. Such diverse requirements for protecting and maintaining the function of different plant organs may render plant engineering or breeding toward improved drought tolerance more complex than previously anticipated.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics,Physiology

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