1. Mem. ASMEDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering (MACE),University of Manchester,Oxford Road,Manchester M13 9PL, UKe-mail: nicholas.bojdo@manchester.ac.uk
2. Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering (MACE),University of Manchester,Oxford Road,Manchester M13 9PL, UKe-mail: matthew.ellis@manchester.ac.uk
3. Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering (MACE),University of Manchester,Oxford Road,Manchester M13 9PL, UKe-mail: a.filippone@manchester.ac.uk
4. Department of Earth and Environmental Science (EES),University of Manchester,Oxford Road,Manchester M13 9PL, UKe-mail: merren.a.jones@manchester.ac.uk
5. Department of Earth and Environmental Science (EES),University of Manchester,Oxford Road,Manchester M13 9PL, UKe-mail: alison.pawley@manchester.ac.uk