1. The State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China e-mail:
2. Associate Professor The State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China e-mail:
3. Associate Professor The Center for Automotive Engineering, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK430AL, UK e-mail: d.cao@cranfield.ac.uk