Global Active Noise Control of a One-Dimensional Acoustic Duct Using a Feedback Controller

Abstract

Active noise control of acoustic enclosures is a classical engineering problem. The active noise control of a one-dimensional hard-walled duct with a partially dissipative boundary condition is addressed in this paper. Previous techniques have attacked this problem by developing adaptive filters designed to cancel acoustic noise at a single measurement location. The work presented here applies modern, state space, control theory to globally reduce noise levels in a one-dimensional acoustic enclosure rather than at a single location. This global control requires only the addition of a single response measurement microphone and control speaker to the open-loop system. Pressure measurements are taken at the microphone location and passed to an observer, which generates estimates of the system states. Using these state estimates, a pole placement feedback control algorithm is used to lower the noise level. Pole placement reduces noise levels globally by increasing the decay rates of all the controlled acoustic states. Experimental results presented here demonstrate reduction in the noise level at all points in the duct by 58 percent when the system is excited by random amplitude pressure input.