Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Immersion Cooling of a Li-Ion Battery Module

Author:

Salvi Swapnil S.1,Surampudi Bapiraju1,Swarts Andre1,Sarlashkar Jayant1,Smith Ian1,Alger Terry1,Jain Ankur2

Affiliation:

1. Southwest Research Institute , 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX 78238

2. University of Texas at Arlington Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, , Arlington, TX 76010

Abstract

Abstract Overheating of Li-ion cells and battery packs is an ongoing technological challenge for electrochemical energy conversion and storage, including in electric vehicles. Immersion cooling is a promising thermal management technique to address these challenges. This work presents experimental and theoretical analysis of the thermal and electrochemical impact of immersion cooling of a small module of Li-ion cells. Significant reduction in both surface and core temperature due to immersion cooling is observed, consistent with theoretical and simulation models developed here. However, immersion cooling is also found to result in a small but non-negligible increase in capacity fade of the cells. A number of hypotheses are formed and systematically tested through a comparison of experimental measurements with theoretical modeling and simulations. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements indicate that the accelerated cell aging due to immersion cooling is likely to be due to enhanced lithium plating. Therefore, careful consideration of the impact of immersion cooling on long-term performance may be necessary. The results presented in this work quantify both thermal and electrochemical impacts of a promising thermal management technique for Li-ion cells. These results may be of relevance for design and optimization of electrochemical energy conversion and storage systems.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Publisher

ASME International

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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