Experimental Leakage and Rotordynamic Results for Helically Grooved Annular Gas Seals
Author:
Childs D. W.1, Gansle A. J.2
Affiliation:
1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 2. Sanden International (U.S.A.), Inc., Wylie, TX 75098
Abstract
Rotordynamic-coefficient and leakage test results are presented for three grooved seals with helix angles of 0, 15, and 30 deg against rotation. The seals are 50.8 mm long and 152.4 mm in diameter. Tests were done for two supply pressures (up to 17 bars), three speeds (5000, 12,000, and 16,000 rpm), four pressure ratios, and three inlet fluid prerotation conditions. The results showed that increasing the helix angle yields a progressive reduction in the cross-coupled stiffness coefficient k and a progressive increase in leakage. The helically grooved seals consistently yield negative cross-coupled stiffness coefficients for nonprerotated inlet flow; hence, k in these seals would oppose forward whirl of a rotor. Helically grooved seals become less effective at reducing k with increasing preswirl; hence, for optimum effectiveness they should be used with a swirl brake. Comparison between helically grooved and honeycomb-stator seals showed that helically grooved stators had reduced (negative) whirl-frequency ratios for nonprerotated flows but were no better than honeycomb-stator seals for elevated fluid prerotation. The 15 and 30 deg helix grooves leaked about 1.6 and 2.2 times, respectively, as much as the honeycomb-stator seals.
Publisher
ASME International
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Energy Engineering and Power Technology,Aerospace Engineering,Fuel Technology,Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Reference10 articles.
1. Childs D. W. , NelsonC. C., ScharrerJ., ElrodD., and HaleK., 1986, “Theory Versus Experiment for the Rotordynamic Coefficients of Annular Gas Seals: Part 1—Test Facility and Apparatus,” ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 108, pp. 426–432. 2. Childs D. , ElrodD., and HaleK., 1989, “Annular Honeycomb Seals: Test Results for Leakage and Rotordynamic Coefficients; Comparisons to Labyrinth and Smooth Configurations,” ASME Journal of Tribology, Vol. 111, pp. 293–301. 3. Childs, D., and Elrod, D., and Ramsey, C., 1990, “Annular Honeycomb Seals: Additional Test Results for Leakage and Rotordynamic Coefficients,” in IF-ToMM, Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Rotordynamics, Lyon, France, pp. 303–312. 4. Gansle, A. J., 1993, “A Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Coefficients for Helically Grooved Annular Gas Seals,” M.S. Thesis, Mechanical Engineering Department, Texas A&M University. 5. Holman, J. P., 1989, Experimental Methods for Engineers, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 41–42.
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