Performance of a 100 kWth Concentrated Solar Beam-Down Optical Experiment

Abstract

An analysis of the beam down optical experiment (BDOE) performance with full concentration is presented. The analysis is based on radiation flux distribution data taken on Mar. 21st, 2011 using an optical-thermal flux measurement system. A hypothetical thermal receiver design is used in conjunction with the experimental data to determine the optimal receiver aperture size as a function of receiver losses and flux distribution. The overall output of the plant is calculated for various operating temperatures and three different control strategies namely, constant mass flow of the heat transfer fluid (HTF), constant outlet fluid temperature and real-time optimal outlet fluid temperature. It was found that the optimal receiver aperture size (radius) of the receiver ranged between (1.06 and 1.71 m) depending on temperature. The optical efficiency of the BDOE ranged from 32% to 37% as a daily average (average over the ten sunshine hours). The daily average mean flux density ranged between 9.422 kW/m2 for the 1.71 m-receiver and 20.9 kW/m2 for the 1.06 m-receiver. Depending on the control parameters and assuming an open receiver with solar absorptivity of 0.95 and longwave emissivity of 0.10. The average receiver efficiency varied from 71% at 300 °C down to 68% at 600 °C. The overall daily average thermal efficiency of the plant was between 28% and 24%, respectively for the aforementioned temperatures. The peak of useful power collected in the HTF was around 105 kWth at 300 °C mean fluid temperature and 89 kWth at 600 °C.