The Dynamics of Discus Throw

Author:

Soong T.-C.1

Affiliation:

1. Xerox Corporation, Rochester, N. Y.

Abstract

The analysis contains the derivation and a solution method for six nonlinear differential equations of motion which describe the c.g. position and orientations of the principal axes of a spinning discus moving in air. The aerodynamic pressure on the discus is obtained from existing experimental data on inclined plates and disk-shaped bodies; the effect on the moment due to the spinning motion is derived from the classical hydrodynamics of a rotating ellipsoid in a flow field. A case study, analyzed in the context of the 1972 World Olympics discus throw (which recorded 64.39 m or 211 ft 3 in.), showed that a fast-spinning discus will go farther than one not spinning by 13.8 m in this range. The optimum angle and optimum initial discus inclination are 35° and 26°. This combination of angles is found to be superior to the commonly accepted combination of 35° and 35°. The 35°/26° combination produced a gain in distance of 1.55 m over the 35° /35° combination. The results of the analyses presented here, including the effect of wind, agree closely with the experience of expert discus throwers.

Publisher

ASME International

Subject

Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Condensed Matter Physics

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