Transient Method for Convective Heat Transfer Measurement With Lateral Conduction—Part I: Application to a Deposit-Roughened Gas Turbine Surface

Abstract

The effect of lateral conduction on convective heat transfer measurements using a transient infrared technique over a rough surface is evaluated. The rough surface is a scaled model of gas turbine surface deposits. Comparisons are made between a full 3D finite volume analysis and a simpler 1D transient conduction model. The surface temperature history was measured with a high resolution infrared camera during an impulsively started hot gas flow over the rough test plate at a flow Reynolds number of 750,000. The boundary layer was turbulent with the peak roughness elements protruding just above the boundary layer momentum thickness. The 1D model underestimates the peak to valley variations in surface heat flux by up to a factor of 5 compared with the 3D model with lateral conduction. For the area-averaged surface heat flux, the 1D model predicts higher values than a 3D model for the same surface temperature history. This is due to the larger surface area of the roughness peaks and valleys in the 3D model, which produces a larger initial input of energy at the beginning of the transient. For engineering purposes, where the net heat load into the solid is desired, this lower 3D model result must be multiplied by the wetted-to-planform surface area ratio of the roughness panel. For the roughness model in this study, applying this correction results in a 25% increase in the area-averaged roughness-induced Stanton number augmentation for the 3D rough surface model compared with a flat 1D surface model at the same Reynolds number. Other shortcomings of the transient method for rough surface convective heat transfer measurement are identified.