1. Centre for Engineering Research in Pipelines (CERP), University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada e-mail:
2. Professor Mem. ASME Centre for Engineering Research in Pipelines (CERP), University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada e-mail:
3. EVRAZ North America, Regina, SK S4P 3C7, Canada e-mail: