Experimental Investigation on the Tip Vortex of a Wind Turbine With and Without a Slotted Tip

Abstract

In this paper, a slotted tip structure is experimentally analyzed. A wind turbine with three blades, of which the radius is 301.74mm, is investigated by the PIV method. Each wind turbine blade is formed with a slots system comprising four internal tube members embedded in the blade. The inlets of the internal tube member are located at the leading edge of the blade and form an inlet array. The outlets are located at the blade tip face and form an outlet array. The near wake flow field of the wind turbine with slotted tip and without slotted tip are both measured. Velocity field of near wake region and clear images of the tip vortex are captured under different wake ages. The experimental results show that the radius of the tip vortex core is enlarged by the slotted tip at any wake age compared with that of original wind turbine. Moreover, the diffusion process of the tip vortex is accelerated by the slotted tip which lead to the disappearance of the tip vortex occurs at smaller wake age. The strength of the tip vortex is also reduced indicating that the flow field in the near wake of wind turbine is improved. The experimental data are further analyzed with the vortex core model to reveal the flow mechanism of this kind of flow control method. The turbulence coefficient of the vortex core model for wind turbine is obtained from the experimental data of the wind turbine with and without slotted tip. It shows that the slotted tip increases the turbulence strength in the tip vortex core by importing airflow into the tip vortex core during its initial generation stage, which leads to the reduction of the tip vortex strength. Therefore, it is promising that the slotted tip can be used to weaken the vorticity and accelerate the diffusion of the tip vortex which would improve the problem caused by the tip vortex.