The influence of mineral nutrition on the quality indicators of durum wheat grain on the southern chernozems of the Volgograd region

Abstract

Structural yield indicators are the ratio of the main components of wheat, which determine the productivity of its crops, as well as the share of the commodity part in the total harvest volume. Establishing patterns in the formation of the harvest of winter and spring durum wheat in connection with the changing structure of the crop, gives grounds to reveal the weak elements in the adopted system of agrotechnological measures, to use natural factors to the maximum extent to form a guaranteed yield, while giving it the necessary structure. Identification of the patterns of yield formation and its structure is required for targeted management of the production process of durum wheat development. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the effect of biofertilizers and mineral nutrition on the quality characteristics of spring and winter durum wheat grain. The objectives were to establish the role of mineral nutrition on the technological and baking characteristics of durum wheat and their influence on the cereal properties. The experimental part was carried out on the territory of «Eliseev A.N.» peasant farm in 2018...2022, which was located in the black soil zone of the southern Mikhailovsky district, the Volgograd region. The experiment involved regionalized and promising varieties of durum spring wheat: Donskaya Elegiya, Krasnokutka 13 and winter wheats Agat Donskoy and Aksinit. Blago+ and Gumi 20 biofertilizers and calculated norms of mineral fertilizers for a given yield were used. These indicators were the best for the winter durum wheat variety Aksinit and they were accordingly equal to: glassiness – 92%, protein content – 15.1%, microsedimentation – 69, grain yellowness index – 22.9%, color of the resulting pasta 4.9 points, all this applies to the option with the addition of N74P28K45. In the variant with the treatment of seed material with Numi biofertilizer, these indicators for this variety were respectively: 90%, 15.0%, 64, 22.8% and 4.7.