The differential acoustic diagnosis between two Pseudopaludicola sister species (Anura, Leptodactylidae, Leiuperinae)

Abstract

The dwarf swamp frogs, genus Pseudopaludicola, include 21 species, which occur throughout South America (Frost 2016). Pseudopaludicola is recognized as monophyletic, supported by a set of osteological, morphological, and molecular characters (Veiga-Menoncello et al. 2014, and cites therein). Veiga-Menoncello et al. (2014) recognized a clade (“clade II” there), which included two species that share karyotypes with 2n = 20: P. ameghini (Cope, 1887) and P. ternetzi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1937. However, historically these two sister species have undergone many taxonomic changes and so far they do not have a clear taxonomic diagnosis one from the other (Haddad & Cardoso 1987; Lobo 1996; Fávero et al. 2011; Pansonato et al. 2013; Cardozo & Toledo 2013, and cites therein).