1.
Anderson, M.J. (2001) A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Austral Ecology, 26, 32–46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x
Calonje, M., Stevenson, D.W. & Osborne, R. (2021) The World List of Cycads, Online Edition. Available from: http://www.cycadlist.org (accessed 22 November 2021)
Chaves, R. & Genaro, J.A. (2005) A new species of Pharaxonotha (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), probable pollinator of the endangered Cuban cycad, Microcycas calocoma (Zamiaceae). Insecta Mundi, 19 (3), 143–150.
Donaldson, J.S. (1997) Is there a floral parasite mutualism in cycad pollination? The pollination biology of Encephalartos villosus (Zamiaceae). American Journal of Botany, 84, 1398–1406. https://doi.org/10.2307/2446138
Donaldson, J.S., Nanni, I. & Bösenberg, J.D. (1995) The role of insects in the pollination of Encephalartos cycadifolius. In: Vorster, P. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Cycad Biology. Cycad Society of South Africa, Stellenbosch, pp. 423–434.
Franz, N.M. & Skelley, P.E. (2008) Pharaxonotha portophylla (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), new species and pollinator of Zamia (Zamiaceae) in Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science, 44 (3), 321–333. https://doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v44i3.a7
Gregory, T.J. & Chemnick, J. (2004) Hypotheses on the relationship between Biogeography and speciation in Dioon (Zamiaceae). In: Walters, T., Osborne, R. (Eds.), Cycad Classifications Concepts and Recommendations. CABI publishing, Oxfordshire, pp. 137–148. https://doi.org/10.1079/9780851997414.0137
Griffith, M.P., Calonje, M.A., Stevenson, D.W., Husby, C.E. & Little, D.P. (2012) Time, place, and relationships: cycad phenology in a phylogenetic and biogeographic context. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden, 106, 59–81. https://doi.org/10.21135/893275150.006
Gutiérrez-Ortega, J.S., Yamamoto, T., Vovides, A.P., Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Martínez, J.F., Molina-Freaner, F., Watano, Y. & Kajita, T. (2018) Aridification as a driver of biodiversity: a case study for the cycad genus Dioon (Zamiaceae). Annals of Botany, 121, 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcx123
Hall, J.A., Walter, G.H., Bergstrom, D.M. & Machin, P. (2004) Pollination ecology of the Australian cycad Lepidozamia peroffskyana (Zamiaceae). Australian Journal of Botany, 52, 333–343. https://doi.org/10.1071/BT03159
Hanley, R.S. & Ashe, J.S. (2003) Techniques for dissecting adult aleocharine beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 93, 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1079/BER2002210
Lawrence, J.F., Beutel R.G., Leschen, R.A.B. & Ślipiński, S.A. (2010) Chapter 2. Glossary of Morphological Terms. In: Leschen, R.A.B., Beutel, R.G. & Lawrence, J.F. (Eds.), Handbook of zoology, Coleoptera Volume 2: morphology and systematics (Elateroidea, Bostrichformia, Cucujiformia partim). Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, pp. 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110911213.9
Mound, L.A. & Terry, I. (2001) Thrips pollination of the central Australian cycad, Macrozamia macdonnellii (Cycadales). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162, 147–154.
Norstog, K., Fawcett, P.K.S. &Vovides, A.P. (1992) Beetle pollination of two species of Zamia: Evolutionary and ecological considerations. The Palaeobotanist, 41, 149–158. https://doi.org/10.1086/317899
Norstog, K. & Nicholls, T. (1997) The Biology of the Cycads. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca & London, 383 pp.Norstog K., Stevenson, D. W. & Niklas, K. (1986) The role of beetles in the pollination of Zamia furfuracea L. fil. (Zamiaceae). Biotropica, 18, 300–306. https://doi.org/10.2307/2388573
O’Brien, C.W. & Tang, W. (2015) Revision of the New World cycad weevils of the subtribe Allocorynina, with description of two new genera and three new subgenera (Coleoptera: Belidae: Oxycoryninae). Zootaxa, 3970 (1), 1–87. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3970.1.1
Pakaluk, J. (1988) Review of the New World species of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Languriidae). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 36 (2B), 447–451.
Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Vovides, A.P., Martínez-Camilo, R., Martínez-Meléndez, N. & Iglesias, C. (2009) A reassessment of the Ceratozamia miqueliana species complex (Zamiaceae) of southeastern Mexico, with comments on species relationships. Systematics and Biodiversity, 7, 433–443. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477200009990211
Procheş, Ş. & Johnson, S.D. (2009) Beetle pollination of the fruit-scented cones of the South African cycad Stangeria eriopus. American Journal of Botany, 96, 1722–1730. https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0800377
R Core Team (2022) R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. Available from: https://www.R-project.org/ (accessed 4 March 2022)
Santiago-Jiménez, Q.J., Martínez-Domínguez, L. & Nicolalde-Morejón, F. (2019) Two new Mexican species of Pharaxonotha Reitter, 1875 (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) from Ceratozamia tenuis (Cycadales: Zamiaceae). Dugesiana, 26 (1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.32870/dugesiana.v26i1.7054
Segalla, R., Pinheiro, F. & Morellato, L.P.C. (2021) Reproductive biology of the South American cycad Zamia boliviana, involving brood-site pollination. Plant Species Biology, 2021, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1111/1442-1984.12322
Skelley, P. & Segalla, R. (2019) A new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae) from central South America. Zootaxa, 4590 (1), 184–190. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4590.1.9
Skelley P.E. & Tang W. (2020) Two new species of Pharaxonotha Reitter among the early-diverging lineages, with a key to the species of the genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae). Insecta Mundi, 0837, 1–11.
Skelley, P., Tang, W. & Pérez-Farrera, M.A. (2022) Review of Pharaxonotha Reitter (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting the cycad genus Dioon Lindl. (Cycadales), with descriptions of nine new species and comments on P. kirschii Reitter. Insecta Mundi, 0917, 1–41.
Skelley, P., Xu, G., Tang, W., Lindström, A., Marler, T., Khuraijam, J.S., Singh, R., Radha, P. & Rich, S. (2017) Review of Cycadophila Xu, Tang & Skelley (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Asia, with descriptions of a new subgenus and thirteen new species. Zootaxa, 4267 (1), 1–63. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4267.1.1
Suinyuy, T.N., Donaldson, J.S. & Johnson, S.D. (2009) Insect pollination in the African cycad, Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm. South African Journal of Botany, 75, 682–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2009.08.005
Suinyuy, T.N., Donaldson, J.S. & Johnson, S.D. (2012) Geographical variation in cone volatile composition among populations of the African cycad Encephalartos villosus. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 106, 514–527.
Tang, W. (1987) Insect pollination in the cycad Zamia pumila (Zamiaceae). American Journal of Botany, 74, 90–99. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1987.tb08582.x
Tang, W., Skelley & P. & Pérez-Farrera, M.A. (2018a) Ceratophila, a new genus of erotylid beetles (Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting male cones of the cycad Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae). Zootaxa, 4508 (2), 151–178. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4508.2.1
Tang, W., Xu, G., O’Brien, C.W., Calonje, M., Franz, N.M., Johnston, M.A., Taylor, A., Vovides, A.P., Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Salas-Morales, S.H., Lazcano-Lara, J.C., Skelley, P., Lopez-Gallego, C., Lindström, A. & Rich, S. (2018b) Molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses of New World cycad beetles: what they reveal about cycad evolution in the New World. Diversity, 10 (38), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.3390/d10020038
Tang, W., Xu, G., Marler, T., Khuraijam, J.S., Singh, R., Lindström, A.J., Radha, P., Rich, S., Nguyen, K.S. & Skelley, P. (2020) Beetles (Coleoptera) in cones of cycads (Cycadales) of the northern hemisphere: diversity and evolution. Insecta Mundi, 0781, 1–19.
Terry, I. (2001) Thrips and weevils as dual, specialist pollinators of the Australian cycad Macrozamia communis (Zamaiceae). International Journal of Plant Sciences, 162, 1293–1305. https://doi.org/10.1086/321929
Terry, I., Tang, W., Taylor Blake, A., Donaldson, J.S., Singh, R., Vovides, A.P. & Cibrián Jaramillo, A. (2012) An overview of cycad pollination studies. In: Stevenson, D.W., Osborne, R. & Taylor Blake, A.S. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Cycad Biology. Memoirs of The New York Botanical Garden, 106. The New York Botanical Garden Press, New York, New York, pp. 352–394. https://doi.org/10.21135/893275150.024
Toon, A., Terry, L.I., Tang, W., Walter, G.H. & Cook, L.G. (2020) Insect pollination of cycads. Austral Ecology, 45, 1033–1058. https://doi.org/10.1111/aec.12925
Valencia-Montoya, W.A., Tuberquia, D., Guzmán, P.A. & Cardona-Duque, J. (2017) Pollination of the cycad Zamia incognita A. Lindstr. & Idárraga by Pharaxonotha beetles in the Magdalena Medio Valley, Colombia: a mutualism dependent on a specific pollinator and its significance for conservation. Arthropod-Plant Interaction, 5, 717–729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-017-9511-y
Vovides, A.P. (1991) Insect symbionts of some Mexican cycads in their natural habitat. Biotropica, 23, 102–104. https://doi.org/10.2307/2388697
Vovides, A.P., Avendaño, S., Pérez-Farrera, M.A. & Gonzalez-Astorga, J. (2008) A new species of Ceratozamia (Cycadales: Zamiaceae) from Veracruz, Mexico. Novon, 18, 109–114. https://doi.org/10.3417/2006063
Wheeler, Q.D. & Platnick, N.I. (2000) The phylogenetic species concept (sensu Wheeler and Platnick). In: Wheeler, Q.D. & Meier, R. (Eds.), Species concepts and phylogenetic theory: a debate. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, pp. 55–69.
Whitelock, L. (2002) The cycads. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, 374 pp.
Wilson, G.W. (2002) Pollination in the cycad genus Bowenia Hook. ex Hook. f. (Stangeriaceae). Biotropica, 34, 438–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.2002.tb00557.x
Xu, G., Tang, W., Skelley, P., Liu, N. & Rich, S. (2015) Cycadophila, a new genus (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Pharaxonothinae) inhabiting Cycas debaoensis (Cycadaceae) in Asia. Zootaxa, 3986 (3), 251–278. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3986.3.1
Yang, Q., Li, N., Li, Z., Lin, P. & Yu, H. (2010) Studies on the pollination vectors of Cycas enlongata. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 18, 129–132.
2.