Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) cultivated in a vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines, with description of a new species

Author:

ASPE NONILLON M.ORCID,OBUSAN MARIE CHRISTINE M.ORCID

Abstract

We report two pheretimoid earthworm species cultivated in Folia Tropica vermifacility in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. One species is Pheretima losbanosensis sp. nov., which belongs to P. dubia group in Sims & Easton 1972, characterized by having three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9. It has an adult size of 220–228 mm x 8–9 mm; and has 26–36 and 56–66 setae on vii and xx, respectively. The other species is Metaphire bahli Gates, 1945, characterized by having three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7–8/9 and post-clitellar genital markings at 17/18 and 18/19. The vermicasts of the two species are commercially produced and are harvested as organic fertilizers. We promote the utilization of native species for vermiculture and vermicomposting rather than using the introduced vermicomposting species African nightcrawler Eudrilus eugeniae.  

Publisher

Magnolia Press

Subject

Animal Science and Zoology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

Reference1 articles.

1.

Aspe, N.M. & James, S.W. (2014) New species of Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from the Mt. Malindang range, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Zootaxa, 3881 (5), 401–439. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3881.5.1
Aspe, N.M. & James, S.W. (2015) New Polypheretima and Pithemera (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) species from the Mt. Malindang Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Journal of Natural History, 42, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2015.1021875.
Aspe, N.M. & James, S.W. (2016) New species of Pheretima, Amynthas, Polypheretima, and Pithemera (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mindanao and associated islands, Philippines. Zoological Studies, 55 (8), 1–33.
Aspe, N.M. & James, S.W. (2017) Pheretimoid earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Apo, Mindanao Island, Philippines with description of eight new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 65, 357–372.
Aspe, N.M. & James, S.W. (2018) Molecular phylogeny and biogeographic distribution of pheretimoid earthworms (clitellata: Megascolecidae) of the Philippine archipelago. European Journal of Soil Biology, 85, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2018.02.001.
Aspe, N.M., Nuñeza, O.M. & Torres, M.A. (2009) Diversity and distribution of earthworms in Mt. Malindang, Philippines. Journal of Nature Studies, 8, 59–67.
Aspe, N.M., Kajihara, H. & James, S.W. (2016) A molecular phylogenetic study of pheretimoid species (Megascolecidae) in Mindanao Island, Philippines. European Journal of Soil Biology, 73, 119–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2016.02.006.
Aspe, N.M., Manasan, R.E., Manlavi, A.B., Patiluna, M.L.E., Sebido, M.A.B., Obusan, M.C.M., Simbahan, J.F., James, S.W. (2021) The earthworm fauna of Palawan, Philippines with description of nineteen new pheretimoid species (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Journal of Natural History, 55, 733–797. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2021.1923849.
Bansal, N., Gupta, R.K., Singh, D. & Shashank, S. (2015) Comparative study of antibacterial activity of two different earthworm species, Perionyx excavatus and Pheretima posthuma against pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7 (2), 666–671.
Bantaowong, U., Chanabun, R., James, S.W. & Panha, S. (2016) Seven new species of the earthworm genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 from Thailand (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4117 (1), 63–84. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4117.1.3
Blakemore, R.J. (2007) Updated checklist of pheretimoid (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae: Pheretima auct.) taxa, 109 pp. http://www.annelida.net/earthworm/Pheretimoids.pdf
Blakemore, R.J. (2016a) Eco-taxonomic profile of an iconic vermicomposter– the ‘African nightcrawler’ earthworm, Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1867). African Invertebrates, 56 (3), 527–548.
Blakemore, R.J. (2016b) Darwin’s earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrilacea) with review of cosmopolitan Metaphire peguana–species group from Philippines. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 47 (1), 09–30.
Bohlen, P.J., Scheu, S., Hale, C.S., McLean, M.A., Migge, S., Groffman, P.M. & Parkinson, D. (2004) Non-native invasive earthworms as agents of change in northern temperate forests. Fronters in Ecology and Environment, 2, 427–435.
Boonchamni, C., Iwai, C.B. & Ta-oun, M. (2019) Physical-chemical properties of earthworm casts in different earthworm species. International Journal of Environmental and Rural Development, 10 (1), 1–5.
Caravaca, F., Roldán, A. (2003) Effect of Eisenia foetida earthworms on mineralization kinetics, microbial biomass, enzyme activities, respiration and labile c fractions of three soils treated with a composted organic residue. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 38, 45–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-003-0612-7
Cognetti, D.M.L. (1922) Descrizione di tre nuovi megascolecini. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia et Anatomia comparata della Reale Universita di Torino, 37, 1–6.
Das, S., Bora, J., Goswami, L., Bhattacharyya, P., Raul, P., Kumar, M. & Bhattacharya, S.S. (2015) Vermiremediation of water treatment plant sludge employing Metaphire posthuma: a soil quality and metal solubility prediction approach. Ecological Engineering, 81, 200–206.
Doan, T.T., Jusselme, D.M., Lata, J.C., Van Nguyen, B. & Jouquet, P. (2013) The earthworm species Metaphire posthuma modulates the effect of organic amendments (compost vs. vermicompost from buffalo manure) on soil microbial properties. A laboratory experiment. European Journal of Soil Biology, 59, 15–21.
Easton, E.G. (1979) A revision of the ‘acaecate’ earthworms of the Pheretima group (Megascolecidae: Oligochaeta): Archipheretima, Metapheretima, Planapheretima, Pleionogaster and Polypheretima. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 35, 1–126.
Edgar, R.C. (2004) MUSCLE: multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Research, 32, 1792e1797.
Edwards, C.A. & Arancon, N.Q. (2006) The science of vermiculture: The use of earthworms in organic waste management. In: Guerrero, R.D III and del Castillo, M.R.G. (eds.) Vermiculture for Developing Countries. Proceedings of the International Symposium Workshop on Vermi Technologies for Developing Countries (ISWVT 2005). Philippine Fisheries Association, Inc. Philippines.
Edwards, C.A. & Arancon, N.Q. (2022) The use of earthworms in organic waste management and vermiculture. In: Biology and Ecology of Earthworms. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74943-3_14.
Gates, G.E. (1937) Notes on some species of Drawida and Pheretima with descriptions of three new species of Pheretima. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 80, 305–335.
Gates, G.E. (1945) On some earthworms from Ceylon II. Spolia Zeylanica, 24, 69–90.
Guerrero, R.D.III. (2005) Vermicomposting gets high marks in the tropics (Philippines). BioCycle, 46 (8), 60. Available from: https://www.biocycle.net/vermicomposting-gets-high-marks-in-the-tropics-philippines/ (Accessed 12 Mar. 2023)
Holdsworth, A.R., Frelich, L.E. & Reich, P.B. (2007) Effects of earthworm invasion on plant species richness in northern hardwood forests. Conservation Biology, 21, 997–1008.
Hong, Y. (2018) Two new earthworm species of genus Pithemera Sims and Easton, 1972 (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Tapulao, Luzon Island, Philippines. Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2018.02.002
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2004) New species of Amynthas Kinberg, 1867 from the Philippines (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111, 729–741.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2008a) Nine new species of earthworms (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) of the Banaue rice terraces, Philippines. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115, 341–354.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2008b) Three new earthworms of the genus Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Makiling, Luzon Island, Philippines. Zootaxa, 1695, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1695.1.2
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2008c) Two new earthworms of the genus Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Isarog, Luzon Island, Philippines. Journal of Natural History, 42, 1565–1571. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222930802000398.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2009) New earthworms of the Pheretima urceolata species group (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southern Luzon, Philippines. Zootaxa, 2059, 33–45.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2010) Six new earthworms of the genus Pheretima (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Balbalan-Balbalasang, Kalinga Province, the Philippines. Zoological Studies, 49, 523–533.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2011a) New earthworm species of the genus Pheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mountain Province, Philippines. Journal of Natural History, 45, 1769–1788. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.560726
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2011b) New species of Pheretima, Pithemera, and Polypheretima (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Kalbaryo, Luzon Island, Philippines. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 59, 19–28.
Hong, Y. & James, S.W. (2021) Three new earthworm species of Pheretima Kinberg, 1867 (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Tapulao, Luzon Island, Philippines. Journal of Natural History, 55 (19-20), 1213–1225. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2021.1940336.
Hong, Y., Kim, M.J., Wang, A.R. & Kim, I. (2017) Complete mitochondrial genome of the earthworm, Amynthas jiriensis (Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Mitochondrial DNA Part A: DNA Mapping, Sequencing, and Analysis, 28 (2),163–164.
Horst, R. (1893) Descriptions of earthworms. No. 7. On Malayan earthworms. Nores Leyden Museum, 15, 316–329.
James, S.W. (2004) New species of Amynthas, Pheretima and Pleionogaster (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) of the Mt. Kitanglad Range, Mindanao Island, Philippines. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 52 (2), 289–313.
James, S.W. (2005) New genera and new species of earthworms (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from southern Luzon, Philippines. Systematics and Biodiversity, 2 (3), 271–279.
James, S.W. (2006) The earthworm genus Pleionogaster in southern Luzon, Philippines. Organisms, Diversity and Evolution, 6, 1–20. Electronic Supplement 8.
James, S.W., Hong, Y. & Kim, T.H. (2004) New earthworms of Pheretima and Pithemera (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Mt. Arayat, Luzon Island, Philippines. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 111 (1), 3–10.
James, S.W. (2005) Preliminary molecular phylogeny in the Pheretima group of genera (Crassiclitellata: Megascolecidae) using Bayesian analysis, in: V.V. Pop, A.A. Pop (Eds.), Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy II (Annelida: Oligochaeta). Cluj University Press, Cluj-Napoca, Romania, pp. 129–142.
Kinberg, J.G.H. (1867) Annulata nova. Ofvers K. Vetensk Academy, Ford Stockholm, 23, 97–103.
Kumar, S., Stecher. G. & Tamura, K. (2016) MEGA7: Molecular Evolution Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 33, 1870–1874.
Kumar, V., Bharti, A., Negi, Y.K., Gusain, O., Pandey, P. & Bisht, G.S. (2012) Screening of actinomycetes from earthworm castings for their antimicrobial activity and industrial enzymes. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 43 (1), 205–214.
Liu, H., Zhang, Y., Xu, W., Fang, Y. & Ruan, H. (2021) Characterization of five new earthworm mitogenomes (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae): Mitochondrial phylogeny of Lumbricidae. Diversity, 13, 580. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110580.
Michaelsen, W. (1913) Die Oligochaten von Neu-Caledonien und den benachbarten Inselgruppen. Nova Caledonia, 1, 173–280.
Narayanan, S.P., Sathrumithra, S., Anuja, R., Christopher, G., Thomas, A.P. & Julka, J.M. (2019) First record of the exotic earthworm Metaphire bahli (Gates, 1945) (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from India. Opuscula Zoologica (Budapest), 50 (1), 99–103.
Nguyen, T.T., Trinh, B.K.T., Nguyen, H.T. & Nguyen, A.D. (2015) On the polythecate earthworms of the genus Metaphire (Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 63, 461–470.
Nguyen, T.T., Nguyen, A.D., Binh, T.T. & Blakemore, R.J. (2016) A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae). Zootaxa, 4140 (1), 1–92.
Nguyen, T.T., Trinh, B.K.T., Nguyen, H.T. & Nguyen, A.D. (2017) Earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) from islands of Kien Hai District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam, with descriptions of two new species and one subspecies. Journal of Natural History, 51 (15–16), 883–915. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1294213.
Nguyen, T.T., Nguyen, N.Q. & Nguyen, A.D. (2018). First record of the earthworm genus Pheretima Kinberg, 1867 sensu stricto in Vietnam, with description of a new species (Annelida: Clitellata: Megascolecidae). Zootaxa, 4496 (1), 251–258.
Nguyen, T.T., Nguyen, N.Q., Lam, D.H. & Nguyen, A.D. (2020) Six new species of the genus Metaphire Sims & Easton, 1972 (Annelida: Oligochaeta: Megascolecidae) from southeastern Vietnam. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 68, 220–236.
Nguyen, T.T. (2016) Two new earthworm species (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Vietnam. Tap chi Sinh hoc (Academy Journal of Biology), 38(4), 442-448. https://doi.org/10.15625/0866-7160/v38n4.8829.
Omodeo, P. (1957) Oligocheti dell’Indochina e del Mediterraneo Orientale. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 5, 321–336.
Prasankok, P., Bantaowong, U., James, S.W. & Panha, S. (2013) Low heterogeneity in populations of the terrestrial earthworm, Metaphire peguana (Rosa, 1890), in Thailand, as revealed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA COI sequences and nuclear allozymes. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 51, 8–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2013.07.001
Ravindran, B., Contreras-Ramos, S.M., Wong, J.W.C., Selvam, A. & Sekaran, G. (2014) Nutrient and enzymatic changes of hydrolysed tannery solid waste treated with epigeic earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae and phytotoxicity assessment on selected commercial crops. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21, 641–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1897-1
Rosa, D. (1890) Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmanica e regioni vicine, XXVI. Preichetidi. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Giacomo Doria, 10, 107–122.
Rosa, D. (1891) Die exotischen Terricolen des k. k. naturhistorischen Hofmuseums. Annalen des K. K. Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums, 6, 379–406.
Shekhovtsov, S.V., Golovanova, E.V., Ershov, N.I., Poluboyarova, T.V., Berman, D.I., Bulakhova, N.A., Szederjesi, T. & Peltek S.E. (2020) Phylogeny of the Eisenia nordenskioldi complex based on mitochondrial genomes. European Journal of Soil Biology, 96, 103137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2019.103137.
Sims, R. & Easton, E. (1972) A numerical revision of the earthworm genus Pheretima with the recognition of new genera and an appendix on the earthworms collected by the Royal Society North Borneo Expedition. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 169–268. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8312.1972.tb00694.x
Teng, S.K., Aziz, N.A.A., Mustafa, M., Aziz, S.A. & Yan, Y.W. (2012) Evaluation on physical, chemical and biological properties of casts of geophagous earthworm, Metaphire tschiliensis tschiliensis. Science Research and Essays, 7 (10), 1169–1174.
Thai, T.B. & Samphon, K. (1989) Initial remarks on the fauna of earthworms in Laos. Thong Bao Khoa Hoc (Hanoi), 1989, 61–75. [Vietnamese: Thái TB, Samphon K (1989) Nhận xét býớc đầu về khu hệ giun đất Lào (từ cao nguyên Mýờng Phuôn đến cao nguyên Bua La Vên). Thông báo khoa học ĐHSPHN, 1, 61–75].
Waqar, A., Shah, G.M., Bakhat, H.F., Shahid, M., Aslam, M., Ashraf, M.R., Hafeez, R., Murtaza, B. & Rashid, M.I. (2019) The earthworm species Pheretima hawayana influences organic wastes decomposition, nitrogen mineralization and maize N recovery. European Journal of Soil Biology, 90, 1–8.
Yu, J., Hu, F., Li, H. & Mi, C. (2008) Earthworm (Metaphire guillelmi) effects on rice photosynthates distribution in the plant–soil system. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 44 (4), 641–647.

Cited by 2 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3