1. Aldrich, J.M. (1905) A catalogue of North American Diptera. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collection, 46 (1444), 1–680.
2. Brèthes, J. (1919) Cueillette d’insects du Rio Blanco. III. Diptères. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 23, 40–44.
3. Cole, F.R. & Schlinger, E.I. (1969) The flies of western North America. University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California, 693 pp.
4. Coquillett, D.W. (1893) An anomalous empid. Entomological News, 4, 208–210.
5. Cresson, E.T. Jr. (1915) A new genus and some new species belonging to the dipterous family Bombyliidae. Entomological News, 26, 200–207.