1.
Alexander, B.A. (1992) A cladistic analysis of the subfamily Philanthinae (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae). Systematic Entomology, 17, 91–108. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1992.tb00324.x
2.
Arnold, G. (1925) The Sphegidae of South Africa. Part VI. Annals of the Transvaal Museum, 11, 137–175.
3.
Ben Khedher, H., Yildirim, E. & Braham, M. (2021) A checklist of Philanthini and Pseudoscoliini (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) with new records from Tunisia. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 147, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3157/061.147.0101
4.
Bohart, R.M. & Menke, A.S. (1976) Sphecid wasps of the world. A generic revision. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1 color pl., IX + 695 pp. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520309548
5.
Costa, A. (1875) Relazione di un viaggio per l’Egitto, la Palestina et le coste della Turchia asiatica per ricerche zoologiche. Atti della R. Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche, 7 (2), 1–40.