Abstract

The present study describes and illustrates two newly identified moss species of Brachymenium, endemic to the Atlantic Rainforest of the South and Southeastern regions of Brazil. The first is Brachymenium elimbatum, a medium-sized plant with leaf apex ending in a short to long arista, margins not bordered, plane, entire, costa tapering above and sub-percurrent. The second is Brachymenium sublineare, a medium-sized plant with leaves often asymmetrically curved in the distal half, margins bordered by 1–3 rows of narrow rectangular cells and serrate at distal half, costa short-excurrent, flagelliform branches occasionally present and exostome teeth sub-linear. A key is presented with the most similar Brazilian Brachymenium species.