1. Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
2. Polar Terrestrial Environmental Systems, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
3. Science and Technology Branch, Prairie and Northern Wildlife Research Centre, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada
4. Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
5. Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
6. K.-C.-Irving Research Chair in Environmental Sciences and Sustainable Development, Département de Chimie et de Biochimie, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
7. Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC 20008, USA
8. Canada Research Chair in Polar and Boreal Ecology and Center for Northern Studies, Department of Biology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB E1A 3E9, Canada
9. High Arctic Gull Research Group, Bamfield, BC V0R 3A0, Canada
10. Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
11. Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2N6, Canada
12. Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada
13. Canada Research Chair in Coastal Ecosystem Resilience and Connectivity, and Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
14. Canada Research Chair in Statistical Ecology, and Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada