WAYS OF FORMATION OF PUPILS’ MOTIVATION IN LEARNING: FOREIGN AND UKRAINIAN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article outlines the main definitions and characteristics of motivation to study as a psychological and pedagogical concept. Authors identify ways of forming pupils’ motivation to study in foreign countries, in particular taking the examples of the United States (according to the research by scientists at Harvard University) and Finland (successful Finnish education system). The authors reveal distinctive features of motivation development in the conditions of ongoing online studies; analyze the results of an online survey of 8.056 parents whose children study in secondary schools of Ukraine with distance learning according to the school program during the long-term quarantine period of 2020. Based on the results of the study the authors formulate two groups of ways to motivate students to study online which are recommended to teachers and parents of students. In order to motivate students during ongoing quarantine, teachers should establish good video communication, during which students are able not only to see their teacher, but also to communicate with him/her. During the quarantine in March-April 2020, the platforms Zoom and Skype were most often used for video conferencing. According to the results of the analysis of foreign experience, the following way of motivation is formulated: to give students tasks as close as possible to everyday life situations. A good way to motivate slow students and students with a mediocre level of performance can be the selection of easy tasks, so that the student, having completed them, experienced a sense of success and victory. To form the motivation of students to online learning at home, parents can use the following recommendations: to organize the learning process by making a schedule of classes, breaks, time for self-training and rest; to arrange a workplace with which the student should associate the learning process; take care of the student's appearance and his physical readiness to learn; think in advance about the ways of motivation that the teacher will use (reminders, praise, encouragement). Parents should be careful about material rewards as a way to motivate students to learn.