Phyco-chemical and compound analysis from the macro algae, Sargassum ilicifolium and its antibiofilm, antioxidants and Aedes aegypti mosquito larvicidal propensities

Abstract

The well-known fact about marine natural resources is that they are made up of physiologically and structurally diverse secondary metabolites, particularly seaweed. These unique phytochemicals play a vital role in drug discovery. Currently, the antibacterial and larvicidal potential of targeted extracts of the brown algae Sargassum ilicifolium are being investigated. The bio-chemicals, namely tannins, saponin, phenolics, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides and steroids, were qualitatively analyzed in the methanolic extract of S. ilicifolium (MESI). The quantitative analysis revealed the probable amount of biochemicals present in MESI viz. carbohydrates (620±2.20), proteins (330±1.70), alkaloids (77.6±1.17mg/g), phenols (47.3±0.90), lipids (45.2±1.12) and flavonoids (5.2±0.50 mg/g). The different functional groups present in MESI were identified based on the characteristic frequency peaks. From GC-MS study, totally 9 major bioactive compounds from the MESI were identified. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activities of the MESI have liberated the maximum activity against the tested gram-positive and negative bacteria.