Genetic susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori and the progression of gastrointestinal cancer

Abstract

The Helicobacter pylori bacteria are spiral-shaped and grow in the stomach's mucus. During its life cycle, H. pylori produces an enzyme called urease that converts urea into ammonia. This enzyme allows the organism to survive a severe, acidic environment by converting urea into ammonia. Molecular genetic studies have identified polymorphisms functional as biomarkers of hereditary predisposition to stomach cancer. Several genes involved in inflammation have been linked to stomach cancer development. Recently, these genes' potential pathogenic and carcinogenic effects have been investigated (APC, CDH1, IL-1, BAX, NOS2, KRAS and MSH2). All these genes' processes have been researched to understand better their potential as biomarkers of gastric carcinogenesis. An in-depth analysis will be required to determine the genetic characteristics of stomach cancer related to H. pylori. It is imperative to research a variety of ethnicities to further use this influence as a critical and fundamental risk factor for stomach illness.