Affiliation:
1. Irrigation and Reclamation Engineering Department, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Choking problems occur in transitions that have a bed rise higher than a maximum allowable value. Due to the complexity of the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) horseshoe cross-section, a time-consuming trial-and-error procedure is inevitable as a way to determine the maximum allowable bed rise. This paper presents straightforward solutions to calculate a choke-free maximum bed rise for practical changes in bed elevations. The maximum relative errors associated with the proposed equations are less than 1%. A graphical solution is presented to obtain the upstream operating ranges based on non-dimensional specific energy curves. In addition, a direct relationship is developed to determine the critical depth in the transition zone which bears less than 1% relative error. Finally, a choking solution is discussed by considering the energy head loss occurred in the channel transition zone.
Subject
Water Science and Technology
Cited by
2 articles.
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1. Direct solutions for normal and critical depths in standard city-gate sections;Flow Measurement and Instrumentation;2012-12
2. Editorial;Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Water Management;2011-06