Characterisation of jarofix for use in geotechnical projects

Abstract

A detailed laboratory study was carried out to evaluate the physical, chemical and geotechnical characteristics of jarofix (a waste material generated by the zinc industry) before assessing its applicability for embankment construction. Mineralogical and morphological properties, shape, crystallinity and the concentration of inorganic and heavy metals were evaluated. The stress–displacement behaviour of jarofix was studied by conducting a series of direct shear tests at different normal stresses and dry densities. The parameters studied were the shear stress, shear stress ratio, horizontal and vertical displacements, peak and critical friction angles and dilation. These parameters were compared with those of other suitable embankment materials. It was found that jarofix has a polycrystalline structure with cuboidal particles and a non-hazardous nature. The peak shear stress values at higher density were significantly higher than those at lower density. The stress–strain and volume-change behaviour of the jarofix was found to be similar to those of silty soil, fly ash, sandy soil and dense sand. It is concluded that jarofix can be utilised as an alternative embankment material for sustainable road construction.