Affiliation:
1. Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universtitetskaya Emb. 1,199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
Abstract
When the animal ancestors after the long life in the kalium media (protoevolution) had met with sodium ocean, they formed the effective K/Na – pump under critical salinity about 5–8‰ (110–130 mM NaCl). The new scheme of the osmoregulation types related to salinity is demonstrated. Many physiological and ecological adaptations in animals have emerged on the basis of the surface epithelium reactions during the ?-poikiloosmotic stage of evolution.
Publisher
Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Subject
Insect Science,Animal Science and Zoology,Aquatic Science,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
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