Health Behaviors and Transitions of Physical Disability Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract

This study examined the transitions of disability over 5 years among older adults and the influences of health behaviors on these transitions. Data was obtained from the community cohort of the National Long-Term Care Survey in 1994 ( n = 5,089) and their follow-up data in 1999. Generalized logit regressions revealed that obesity increased the risk of disability. Light drinking decreased the risk of disability. Among disabled individuals, the risk of status decline was higher for those underweight or physically inactive, and those taking vitamin and/or mineral supplements regularly or working on a hobby were less likely to further decline in the disability statuses. In an older population, having more contacts with friends, having regular social activities, and having a body mass index ≥ 25 were beneficial to survival. These findings indicate that older adults may have greater personal control over their lives based on their choices about lifestyles and social connections.