Climatic Factors Correlate with Innate Immune Response in Children with Dermatophagoides farinae-Induced Allergic Asthma

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of climatic factors on immune markers in children with Dermatophagoides farinae-induced asthma. METHODS: Serum concentrations of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and D. farinae-specific immunoglobulin E (DF-sIgE), together with peripheral blood eosinophil counts, were measured in children with D. farinae-induced ( n = 75) or non- D. farinae-induced asthma ( n = 17), and in healthy controls ( n< = 30). Mean temperature and relative humidity in the month before enrolment were calculated from meteorological data. RESULTS: MIF, ECP and eosinophil counts were significantly higher in children with D. farinae-induced asthma than in controls, but comparable with non- D. farinae-induced asthma. Children with D. farinae-induced asthma in a low temperature (< 16°C) or low relative humidity (< 70%) climate had significantly lower DF-sIgE, MIF, ECP and eosinophil counts than those in a high temperature or high humidity climate. DF-sIgE correlated positively with MIF, ECP and eosinophil count in D. farinae-induced asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature and humidity influenced MIF, ECP, eosinophil count and DF-sIgE in D. farinae-induced asthma. Understanding this relationship may provide new strategies for asthma prevention and treatment.