Modifying Behavioral Variability in Moderately Depressed Students

Author:

Hopkinson Jennifer,Neuringer Allen1

Affiliation:

1. Reed College

Abstract

This study asked whether response sequences generated by moderately depressed students are more repetitive than those generated by nondepressed students and whether sequence variability can be increased in those identified as depressed. Seventy-five undergraduate students completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and were divided into moderately depressed and nondepressed groups. Some of the students had received class instruction concerning behavioral variability; others did not. All students participated in a two-phase, computer-game procedure in which response-sequence variability was measured. When reinforcement was provided independently of sequence variability, the depressed participants responded more repetitively than did the nondepressed. When high sequence variability was required for reinforcement, variability increased significantly in all participants, with the depressed achieving the same high levels as the nondepressed. The students who had been instructed about variability responded more variably throughout than the noninstructed. Therefore, both direct reinforcement and instruction increased behavioral variability of depressed individuals, a goal of some therapies for depression.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Clinical Psychology,Developmental and Educational Psychology

Cited by 20 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Effects of variability requirements on difficult sequence learning;Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior;2022-09-25

2. Evolutionary Principles in Psychotherapy: An Integrative Framework for Clinical Practice;Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology;2021

3. Generalization of learned variability across multiple dimensions in humans;Behavioural Processes;2019-01

4. Persistence and relapse of reinforced behavioral variability;Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior;2018-01

5. An Analysis of U-Value as a Measure of Variability;The Psychological Record;2017-01-26

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