Making power visible: Business improvement districts and creative placemaking in Washington, DC

Author:

Schaller Susanna F.1ORCID,Howe Aaron2,McKinney Coy3,Shoenfeld Sarah4

Affiliation:

1. The City College of New York, CUNY, USA

2. American University, USA

3. SW DC Action, USA

4. Prologue DC, USA

Abstract

Business improvement districts represent a privatising urban governance instrument that visibly transforms urban landscapes. In the United States, the racialised impacts of business improvement districts require examination. Through a discussion of Washington, DC, a city profoundly injured by racist planning histories, we illustrate how business improvement districts, as part of a broader entrepreneurial regime, have driven gentrification citywide since the late 1990s. Focusing on the intersection of redevelopment and ‘creative placemaking’, we make visible the contradictions embedded in this business improvement district urbanism, which has harnessed the work of a network of actors to revalorise urban space while erasing working class places and in DC, its Black cultural, political and economic space.

Funder

PSC-CUNY

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Urban Studies,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)

Reference108 articles.

1. ANC (1974) Advisory Neighborhood Councils Hearing, Ninety-third Congress, Second Session on H.R. 12109, 146, Testimony of Marie Nahikian.

2. “Non-White” Gentrification in Chicago’s Bronzeville and Pilsen

3. Alpert D (2015) A NoMa cooperative hopes to redevelop mixed-income housing more successfully than DC’s past attempts. Greater Greater Washington, 19 August. Available at: https://ggwash.org/view/39073/a-noma-cooperative-hopes-to-redevelop-mixed-income-housing-more-successfully-than-dcs-past-attempts (accessed 19 April 2023).

4. Chocolate City

5. Banister J (2021) Toll Brothers unveils new name, details for 1,100-Unit DC project ahead of 2022 delivery. Bisnow, 28 September. Available at: https://www.bisnow.com/washington-dc/news/multifamily/toll-brothers-unveils-new-name-details-for-1100-unit-dc-project-110343#:∼:text=The%20under%2Dconstruction%20redevelopment%20of,details%20on%20its%20first%20phase (accessed 19 April 2023).

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