Measurement Invariance of Social Axioms in 23 Countries

Abstract

In a demanding test of measurement invariance, we examine the relative cross-cultural generalizability of the five-factor model of social axioms in samples from 23 nations (total N = 7,275). With some modifications, results showed modest evidence of both configural and factorial invariance of the measure. Even such modest evidence is impressive in such a diverse sample and with such a stringent test, but nonetheless, areas are noted where the Social Axioms Survey could be improved to achieve better fit for invariance tests.