A prospective population-based study of stroke in the Central Region of Iran: The Qom Incidence of Stroke Study

Abstract

Objective Based on the few population-based studies that have been conducted in the Middle East, we determined the incidence of stroke in Qom, one of the central provinces of Iran. Methods The Qom province includes an estimated at-risk population of about 1 million. During a 12-month period (November 2018–November 2019), all first-ever strokes occurring in the target population were registered. Hospitalized cases were ascertained by discharge codes. Out-of-hospital cases were ascertained by a prospective screening of emergency medical services, emergency departments, ambulances records, primary care clinics, rural and urban public health centers, primary care physician offices, and neurologists’ offices. Crude and age-adjusted incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) were calculated. Results During the study period, 1462 first-ever strokes occurred with a mean age of 68.1 (17–103) years; of these 45.2% were females (661 cases). The crude annual incidence rate per 100,000 at-risk populations was 145.4 (95% confidence interval, 138.1–153.0) for all types of stroke (156.5 for males and 134.3 for females), 26.4 (95% confidence interval, 23.5–29.8) for hemorrhagic stroke, and 114 (95% confidence interval, 105–121) for ischemic stroke. The incidence rate adjusted to the world population was 201.4 (95% confidence interval, 193–210) per 100,000 at-risk populations (adj incidence, 218.5 for males vs 187.4 for females). The total fatality rate during the first 28 days was 19.6%. Conclusion This study states that in this region there is a high incidence of stroke, which occurs at a younger age than the global average. There was a high prevalence of underlying stroke risk factors.