Evaluating the factor structure and measurement invariance of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale across multiple countries, languages, and gender identities

Author:

Fournier Loïs1ORCID,Bőthe Beáta2,Demetrovics Zsolt34,Koós Mónika34,Kraus Shane W.5,Nagy Léna34ORCID,Potenza Marc N.678,Ballester-Arnal Rafael9,Batthyány Dominik10,Bergeron Sophie2,Briken Peer11,Burkauskas Julius12,Cárdenas-López Georgina13,Carvalho Joana14ORCID,Castro-Calvo Jesús15ORCID,Chen Lijun16,Ciocca Giacomo17,Corazza Ornella1819,Csako Rita I.20,Fernandez David P.21,Fujiwara Hironobu222324,Fernandez Elaine F.25,Fuss Johannes26,Gabrhelík Roman2728,Gewirtz-Meydan Ateret29ORCID,Gjoneska Biljana30ORCID,Gola Mateusz3132,Grubbs Joshua B.33,Hashim Hashim T.3435,Saiful Islam Md.3637,Ismail Mustafa34,Jiménez-Martínez Martha C.383940,Jurin Tanja41,Kalina Ondrej42,Klein Verena43,Költő András44ORCID,Lee Sang-Kyu4546,Lewczuk Karol47,Lin Chung-Ying48ORCID,Lochner Christine49,López-Alvarado Silvia50,Lukavská Kateřina27,Mayta-Tristán Percy51,Miller Dan J.52,Orosová Oľga42ORCID,Orosz Gábor53,Ponce Fernando P.54,Quintana Gonzalo R.55,Quintero Garzola Gabriel C.5657,Ramos-Diaz Jano58,Rigaud Kévin53ORCID,Rousseau Ann59,De Tubino Scanavino Marco606162,Schulmeyer Marion K.63,Sharan Pratap64,Shibata Mami22,Shoib Sheikh656667,Sigre-Leirós Vera1,Sniewski Luke20,Spasovski Ognen6869,Steibliene Vesta12,Stein Dan J.70,Strizek Julian71,Tsai Meng-Che48,Ünsal Berk C.3,Vaillancourt-Morel Marie-Pier72,Van Hout Marie Claire73,Billieux Joël174ORCID,

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland

2. Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

3. Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary

4. Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar

5. Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States of America

6. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

7. Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, Connecticut, United States of America

8. Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

9. Departamento de Psicología Básica, Clínica y Psicobiología, University Jaume I of Castellón, Spain

10. Institute for Behavioural Addictions, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Austria

11. Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

12. Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania

13. Virtual Teaching and Cyberpsychology Laboratory, School of Psychology, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico

14. William James Center for Research, Departamento de Educação e Psicologia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

15. Department of Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments, University of Valencia, Spain

16. Department of Psychology, College of Humanity and Social Science, Fuzhou University, China

17. Section of Sexual Psychopathology, Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

18. Department of Clinical, Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

19. Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Italy

20. Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand

21. Nottingham Trent University, United Kingdom

22. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

23. Decentralized Big Data Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan

24. The General Research Division, Osaka University Research Center on Ethical, Legal and Social Issues, Osaka, Japan

25. Higher Education Learning Philosophy University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

26. Institute of Forensic Psychiatry and Sex Research, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

27. Department of Addictology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic

28. Department of Addictology, General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

29. School of Social Work, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel

30. Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia

31. Institute of Psychology, The Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland

32. Institute for Neural Computations, University of California San Diego, United States of America

33. Center on Alcohol, Substance use, And Addictions, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, United States of America

34. College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq

35. College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq

36. Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

37. Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh

38. Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia

39. Grupo de Investigación Biomédica y de Patología, Tunja, Colombia

40. Grupo Medición y Evaluación Psicológica en Contextos Básicos y Aplicados, Tunja, Colombia

41. Department of Psychology, Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Croatia

42. Department of Educational Psychology and Psychology of Health, Pavol Jozef Safarik University in Kosice, Slovakia

43. School of Psychology, University of Southampton, United Kingdom

44. Health Promotion Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland

45. Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, South Korea

46. Chuncheon Addiction Management Center, South Korea

47. Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Warsaw, Poland

48. College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan

49. SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Stellenbosch University, South Africa

50. University of Cuenca, Ecuador

51. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú

52. College of Healthcare Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia

53. Artois University, Arras, France

54. Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Talca, Chile

55. Departamento de Psicología y Filosofía, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Arica y Parinacota, Chile

56. Florida State University ? Republic of Panama, Ciudad del Saber, Republic of Panama

57. Sistema Nacional de Investigación, Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, Ciudad del Saber, Republic of Panama

58. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, Perú

59. Leuven School for Mass Communication, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium

60. Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada

61. Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada

62. Departmento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clinicas and Experimental Pathophysiology Post Graduation Program, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil

63. Universidad Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia

64. Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

65. Department of Health Services, Srinagar, India

66. Sharda University, Greater Noida, India

67. Psychosis Research Centre, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

68. Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia

69. Faculty of Philosophy, University of Ss. Cyril and Methodius in Trnava, Slovakia

70. SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa

71. Austrian Public Health Institute, Vienna, Austria

72. Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada

73. South East Technological University, Waterford, Ireland

74. Center for Excessive Gambling, Addiction Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland

Abstract

The UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Model and the various psychometric instruments developed and validated based on this model are well established in clinical and research settings. However, evidence regarding the psychometric validity, reliability, and equivalence across multiple countries of residence, languages, or gender identities, including gender-diverse individuals, is lacking to date. Using data from the International Sex Survey ( N = 82,243), confirmatory factor analyses and measurement invariance analyses were performed on the preestablished five-factor structure of the 20-item short version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale to examine whether (a) psychometric validity and reliability and (b) psychometric equivalence hold across 34 country-of-residence-related, 22 language-related, and three gender-identity-related groups. The results of the present study extend the latter psychometric instrument’s well-established relevance to 26 countries, 13 languages, and three gender identities. Most notably, psychometric validity and reliability were evidenced across nine novel translations included in the present study (i.e., Croatian, English, German, Hebrew, Korean, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese—Portugal, and Spanish—Latin American) and psychometric equivalence was evidenced across all three gender identities included in the present study (i.e., women, men, and gender-diverse individuals).

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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