Developing Behavioral Coding to Understand Family Communication Breakdown in Dementia Care

Author:

Coleman Carissa K.1ORCID,Aly Iman M.2,Dunham Ashlyn2,Inderhees Kacie2,Richardson Michaela2,Wilson Paige2,Berkley Amy1,Savundranayagam Marie3,Williams Kristine1

Affiliation:

1. School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

2. Department of Communication Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA

3. Western University, London, ON, Canada

Abstract

Communication breakdown is a challenge for family caregivers of persons living with dementia. We adapted established theory and scales for computer-assisted behavioral coding to characterize caregiver communication for a secondary analysis. We developed verbal, nonverbal, and breakdown coding schemes and established reliability (κ > .85). Within the 221 family caregiving videos analyzed, 55% of exchanges were interactive, 30% were silence, 4% consisted of talking to self or others, and 8% included a breakdown. An average of 2.4 ( SD = 1.9) breakdowns occurred per observation and were successfully resolved 85% of the time, with 31% being resolved most successfully following only one flag and repair strategy. Caregivers were the primary speakers (67%); their communication preceded most breakdown (65%), and they primarily initiated the repairs after a breakdown (70%). Common repair strategies included clarifications (31%), asking questions (24%), and repeating information (24%). Associations between communication strategies and repair success will provide evidence for caregiver training.

Funder

national institute on aging

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Nursing

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