1. Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN
4. Department of Geoscience and Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands
5. Shanghai Road and Bridge (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China