Multimodal Trip Generation from Land Use Developments: International Synthesis and Future Directions

Abstract

Trip generation estimates are integral to assessing the transport impacts of land use developments. However, past efforts have predominantly focused on vehicle trips only. This paper provides an international literature review of multimodal trip generation associated with land use developments. A total of 153 publications were sourced as relevant to the review. The results show that although multimodal trip generation studies have been relatively scant, they have received greater attention in the last 10 years. A range of issues was identified with estimating and applying multimodal trip generation rates, not least was a lack of sufficient data and higher complexity in data collection compared with vehicle trip generation studies. Current knowledge gaps highlight opportunities to move toward greater international coordination and sharing of multimodal trip generation data, along with exploring the use of technology to assist with data collection. Key directions for the future include a fundamental change in paradigm to consistently account for multimodal trip generation, the development of an international multimodal trip generation database, and greater sensitivity testing in assessing the multimodal impacts of new land use developments.