Outcomes of Staged Excision With Circumferential en Face Margin Control for Lentigo Maligna of the Head and Neck

Abstract

Background Treatment practices vary for lentigo maligna (LM). Staged excision with circumferential margin control (SECMC) has the potential to achieve low recurrence rates. Objectives To evaluate the clinical outcomes of SECMC using permanent, paraffin-embedded sections and delayed reconstruction. Methods We conducted a retrospective, uncontrolled, observational cohort study involving patients who underwent staged excision for LM of the head and neck at Women’s College Hospital in Toronto, Canada, from September 2010 to March 2013. Recurrence and infection rates were ascertained from patient charts and postal surveys. Results One hundred and two patients (45 female, 57 male) were included with a median follow-up time of 1410.5 (IQR 260-1756) days. The median age was 69 (IQR 61-79) years. Approximately one-fifth (21%, 21/102) of patients required greater than 0.5 cm margins to achieve histological clearance. One patient (1/102) upstaged to invasive melanoma based on the initial stage of excision. The infection rate was 6% (6/102) and the 5-year cumulative recurrence rate was 1.4% (95% CI 0.2-9.6%). Conclusion SECMC using permanent sections and delayed reconstruction appears to be a safe and effective treatment method for LM on the head and neck. Randomized trials are needed to help define the optimal treatment.