1. Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
2. Section of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
3. Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
4. Section of Oral Medicine for Children, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan
5. Department of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan