Conscious vs Unconscious Processes

Abstract

Several lines of empirical research show a contrast between conscious and unconscious functions in humans. Dyslexics show eye movement patterns that concentrate on correct solutions to language problems, even if the patients fail to solve the problems, showing a decoupling of observable behavior from conscious awareness and integrating ability. Vision is represented by many topographic maps in the brain, and these maps can be separated into two streams of visual processing. Only one is available to consciousness; the other controls visually guided behavior. In the laboratory, different spatial values can be stored simultaneously in cognitive and sensorimotor visual systems respectively, and seemingly contradictory spatial behavior can originate from each. Taken together, the empirical studies show important unconscious aspects of mental activity, and a very restricted role for consciousness.