Immunochromatographic Gold-Based Test Strip for Rapid Detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Antibodies

Abstract

The immunochromatographic assay is an alternative method for simple and rapid detection of Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in chickens using colloidal gold—antibody conjugate. The whole-virus antigen of IBDV (UPM04190 isolate) and the high-affinity polyclonal antibodies directed against IBDV were blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes for test and control lines, respectively. Evaluation of the strip was performed using serum samples from experimentally and naturally infected chickens. The results showed that the test strip was more sensitive than the commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) because it could detect a dilution factor up to 1:20,000 (250 ELISA units) for positive samples. It was also specific, in that it detected IBDV antibodies and did not cross-react with antibodies to other chicken viruses. The method was rapid (2 min) in both clinical and field environments with samples needing only a minimum amount (50 μl) of blood to produce an acceptable detection signal. The pen—site test strip proved successful in monitoring the immune status of chickens against the IBDV infection.