Review of the current and potential use of biological and molecular methods for the estimation of the postmortem interval in animals and humans

Author:

Wenzlow Nanny1ORCID,Mills DeEtta2,Byrd Jason3,Warren Mike3,Long Maureen T.4

Affiliation:

1. Louisiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA

2. Department of Biological Sciences and International Forensic Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA

3. Maples Center for Forensic Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

4. Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA

Abstract

We provide here an overview of the state of applied techniques in the estimation of the early period of the postmortem interval (PMI). The biological methods included consist of body cooling, CSF potassium, body cooling combined with CSF potassium, and tissue autolysis. For each method, we present its application in human and veterinary medicine and provide current methodology, strengths, and weaknesses, as well as target areas for improvement. We examine current and future molecular methods as they pertain to DNA and primarily to messenger RNA degradation for the estimation of the PMI, as well as the use of RNA in aging wounds, aging blood stains, and the identification of body fluids. Various types of RNA have different lengths, structures, and functions in cells. These differences in RNAs determine various intrinsic properties, such as their half-lives in cells, and, hence, their decay rate as well as their unique use for specific forensic tests. Future applications and refinements of RNA-based techniques provide opportunities for the use of molecular methods in the estimation of PMI and other general forensic applications.

Funder

Fern Audette Endowment in Equine studies

American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Grant

merging Diseases and Arbovirus Research Laboratory

University of Florida Graduate Fellowship Award

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Veterinary

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