Total White Blood Cell Count is Associated with Arterial Stiffness Among Hypertensive Patients

Abstract

The association between white blood cell (WBC) count and arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension is not well-documented. We aimed to examine the relationships of total WBC count with arterial stiffness and risk of macrovascular damage in hypertensive patients. A total of 631 hypertensive adults (mean age: 65.6 years) were included in the present study. Arterial stiffness was determined by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Macrovascular damage was defined as baPWV >1.8 m/s or ABI <.9. The dose-response associations were assessed by multivariate linear or logistic regression models. After multivariate adjustments, we observed a dose-response relationship between increasing total WBC count and arterial stiffness. Participants in the highest tertile of total WBC count showed a significantly elevated baPWV (β = .088; 95% CI: .021, .154; Ptrend = .010) and reduced ABI (β = −.027; 95% CI: −.046, −.008; Ptrend = .005), as compared with those in the first tertile. The association was similar in different subgroups. In addition, elevated total WBC count was related to a greater risk of macrovascular damage, as indicated by baPWV >1.8 m/s (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.15, 2.99, comparing the extreme tertiles). Our data suggest that elevated total WBC count was related to arterial stiffness among individuals with hypertension.