Red Cell Distribution Width Predicts Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract

We investigated the relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW) and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients (aged 61 ± 12, 69% men) with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Consecutive patients diagnosed with ACS (n = 662) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups: CIN and no CIN. Contrast-induced nephropathy was defined as an increase in serum creatinine level of ≥0.5 mg/dL or ≥25% above baseline within 72 hours after PCI. Contrast-induced nephropathy occurred in 81 (12.2%) patients. Red cell distribution width, creatinine, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in the CIN group than in the no-CIN group. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that baseline RDW level (odds ratio 1.379, 95% confidence interval 1.084-1.753, P = .009), age ( P = .025), creatinine ( P = .004), and left ventricular ejection fraction ( P = .011) were independent risk factors for the development of CIN. In conclusion, increased RDW levels are independently associated with a greater risk of CIN in patients undergoing PCI for ACS.