Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Author:

Dambala Kalliopi1,Paschou Stavroula A.2ORCID,Michopoulos Alexandros1,Siasos Gerasimos3,Goulis Dimitrios G.1,Vavilis Dimitrios1,Tarlatzis Basil C.1

Affiliation:

1. First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

2. Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, “Aghia Sophia” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

3. First Department of Cardiology, Hippokration Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age. The criteria required for the diagnosis identify various phenotypes, with different reproductive, metabolic, and cardiovascular (CV) risk characteristics. Emerging evidence links adipocyte-secreted hormones as candidates in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in PCOS, independently of additional risk factors. The aim of this review was to collect, analyze, and qualitatively resynthesize evidence on biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (visfatin, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], matrix metalloproteinase 9 [MMP-9]) in women with PCOS. Women with PCOS exhibit (a) increased plasma visfatin concentrations compared with controls with a similar body mass index; (b) increased VEGF production along with chronic, mild inflammation; and (c) increased MMP-9 concentrations, which might be related to either excessive CV risk or abnormalities of ovarian extracellular matrix remodeling, multiple cyst formation, follicular atresia, and chronic anovulation. As PCOS has been associated with CV risk, early identification of endothelial dysfunction is clinically relevant.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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